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Special broadband Fails To Fill The particular Difference As Voice Revenues Decline

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vodafone kündigen

Recent data from Vodafone shows that mobile network operators deal with essential challenges merely to maintain average earnings per purchaser, despite typically the growth of mobile high speed expert services.

The past few years have seen major changes in the wireless industry. Tone of voice use has increased strongly due to fixed-mobile one other and bundled data plans, but fierce competition together with price regulation have exerted all the way down pressure on income. In the mean time, exciting new mobile or portable data services, delivered simply by Smartphones and dongles, own displayed new revenue prospects.

Mastering the impact of these adjustments on mobile tone and data earnings exhibits significant differences concerning markets and network providers. It also reveals that will cellular network operators face key challenges to increase their overall revenue per prospect, despite their massive on-going investments in network system together with spectrum.

In basic, the level of voice usage on mobile networks has grown strongly above the last a few many years, as a substantial portion of fixed network voice minutes have moved to be able to mobile phone networks and data plans having bundled voice short minutes include encourage customers to help make whole lot more calls. For example, over the period of time 2005/06 to 2010/11, typical voice minutes per purchaser increased by 57% intended for Vodafone Germany (from 79 minutes per month in order to 118 minutes per month), 24% for Vodafone UNITED KINGDOM (from 150 minutes for every month to be able to 186 minutes per month) and 15% for Vodafone Italy (from 138 a few minutes per thirty day period to 158 minutes for each month).

Nevertheless , over this kind of same period, words profits per customer offers reduced significantly. For example, typical voice revenue per buyer has fallen by 57% for Vodafone Germany (from GBP152 per annum to be able to GBP97 per annum), 58% regarding Vodafone UK (from GBP230 per annum for you to GBP133 for every annum) together with 40% to get Vodafone France (GBP194 each year to GBP139 per annum). This offers been caused to a certain extent by means of intense competition, which possesses resulted in intense cuts inside the price of voice mins, and to some extent by control, which will continue to inflict downward pressure with tone of voice revenue. For example, great britain regulator, Ofcom, has by now enforced a cut on mobile or portable network end of contract costs, through 4. 18 pence per minute to 2. 66 pence per minute, together with it expects to put on even more cuts over the arriving decades, to reach zero. 69 pence per tiny by simply 2015.

As tone gross income possess declined, info revenues have grown, driven by way of the strong take-up involving mobile broadband providers with dongles and Smartphones. Intended for example, total revenue through messaging and data companies elevated by 48% regarding Vodafone Germany from 2005/06 to help 2010/11. Over the particular same period, Vodafone UK and Vodafone Italy attained increases involving 71% and 59%, correspondingly.

While the particular revenue from data services will be clearly increasing, its progress has generally not necessarily also been enough to withstand this fall in voice revenue. Vodafone's results yet again offer some useful cases with this. For Vodafone Germany, typical voice income per client per year fell by GBP55 from 2005/06 for you to 2010/11, yet average earnings per year from messaging and files services matured by only GBP19 each year, causing in a world wide web decrease of GBP36 in complete average earnings per client per annum. Also, Italy suffered an overall loss of GBP32 per year. In the united kingdom, total average revenue per buyer per annum fell simply by GBP55 over often the same period, although the particular figure did surge among 2009/10 and 2010/11. The idea will be interesting to be able to see whether or not this advance can be preserved.

A new worrying trend in a few market is that mobile messaging revenues are starting to help decline. In the UNITED KINGDOM, Vodafone were able to increase average revenue every consumer via mobile messaging just about every 12 months from 2005/06 to 2010/11, to achieve the total increase of 41% (from GBP43 per year in order to GBP60 per annum). Having said that, messaging revenue squashed away in Germany (at GBP22 per annum) and in fact did start to fall back found in Italy (from GBP39 within 2009/10 to be able to GBP36 in 2010/11). In the event that messaging profits start to diminish, that creates even more of any gap to be filled simply by new mobile high speed broadband services.

Plainly there usually are considerable challenges forward to get mobile operators. While they continue to invest heavily within network infrastructure, such as LTE, they will have got to work hard simply to stand still with average revenue per consumer. This may require progressive methods to be able to maintain the value of conventional voice together with messaging services, in the midst regarding powerful competition and regulations, along with maximising the benefit from cellular high speed services.

Special broadband Fails To Fill Often the Difference As Voice Gross income Decline

Posted by [email protected] on Comments comments (0)
vodafone kündigen

Recent data from Vodafone demonstrates that mobile network workers experience substantial challenges only to manage average income per purchaser, despite often the growth of mobile high speed broadband services.

The past small amount of years have seen sweeping modifications in our wireless industry. Tone of voice use has increased highly due to fixed-mobile one other and bundled tariffs, yet fierce competition and cost regulation have applied downhill pressure on revenues. In the meantime, exciting new mobile or portable information services, delivered by Mobile phones and dongles, have got displayed new revenue opportunities.

Learning the impact of these types of modifications on mobile voice and data income shows significant differences concerning marketplaces and network employees. This also reveals that will mobile or portable network operators confront major challenges to increase their own overall revenue per client, despite their massive on-going investments in network facilities and even spectrum.

In general, the level of tone of voice usage on mobile marketing networks has grown strongly above the last a few years, as a substantial portion of fixed network voice minutes have moved to be able to portable networks and tariffs along with bundled voice mins possess encourage customers to help make extra calls. With regard to example, over the period of time 2005/06 to 2010/11, normal voice minutes per client increased by 57% regarding Vodafone Germany (from 79 minutes per month to help 118 minutes per month), 24% for Vodafone UNITED KINGDOM (from 150 minutes every month to be able to 186 short minutes per month) and 15% for Vodafone Italy (from 138 a few minutes per calendar month to 158 minutes for every month).

Nonetheless over this particular same period, tone of voice earnings per customer offers decreased significantly. For example, normal voice revenue per purchaser has fallen by 57% for Vodafone Germany (from GBP152 per annum in order to GBP97 per annum), 58% for Vodafone UK (from GBP230 per annum to be able to GBP133 per annum) and 40% with regard to Vodafone Croatia (GBP194 per year to GBP139 per annum). This offers been caused partially by means of intense competition, which has led to intense cuts in the cost of voice short minutes, and partially by control, which will continue to keep inflict downward pressure with speech revenue. For example, britain regulator, Ofcom, has previously made a cut inside mobile or portable network end of contract costs, by 4. 18 pence per minute to 2. 66 pence per minute, and it intends to utilize more cuts over the returning decades, to reach zero. 69 pence per min by way of 2015.

As words gross income possess declined, info gross income have become, driven simply by the tough take-up of mobile broadband providers in dongles and Mobile phones. With regard to example, total revenue coming from messaging and data sites improved by 48% to get Vodafone Germany from 2005/06 to be able to 2010/11. Over typically the same period, Vodafone UNITED KINGDOM and Vodafone Italy reached increases of 71% together with 59%, respectively.

While this revenue from service plans is definitely clearly increasing, it has the progress has generally not really already been enough to resist the particular fall in voice revenue. Vodafone's results once again supply some useful illustrations in this. For Vodafone Germany, regular voice earnings per buyer per year fell simply by GBP55 from 2005/06 to 2010/11, however average revenue per year from messages and data services became by only GBP19 per year, ending in a web loss of GBP36 in full average income per purchaser per annum. Similarly, Malta suffered an overall loss of GBP32 per annum. In the united kingdom, total average revenue for every purchaser per annum fell into by way of GBP55 over the particular same period, although the particular figure did go up in between 2009/10 and 2010/11. It will be interesting in order to see regardless of whether this improvement can be retained.

A worrying trend in certain trading markets is that mobile messaging revenues are starting for you to fall. In the BRITAIN, Vodafone were able to increase average revenue for each consumer coming from mobile messaging just about every year from 2005/06 to 2010/11, to achieve a new whole increase of 41% (from GBP43 per year to help GBP60 per annum). However, messaging revenue compressed out there in Germany (at GBP22 per annum) and really did start to fall back in Italy (from GBP39 inside 2009/10 in order to GBP36 throughout 2010/11). In case messaging income start to diminish, that creates even more of the gap to be stuffed by way of new mobile broadband services.

Plainly there happen to be significant challenges ahead intended for mobile operators. While they keep on to invest heavily inside network infrastructure, such as LTE, they will have got to work hard simply to stand still with regular revenue per purchaser. This can require impressive methods for you to take care of the value of traditional voice and messaging expert services, in the midst involving extreme competition and regulation, and maximising the value from mobile or portable broadband services.

Mobile Broadband Fails To Fill This Difference As Voice Income Decline

Posted by [email protected] on Comments comments (0)
vodafone kündigen

Recent data from Vodafone demonstrates that mobile network operators deal with significant challenges just simply to manage average income per consumer, despite the particular growth of mobile broadband providers.

The past very few years have seen radical changes in the wireless industry. Words application has increased powerfully due to fixed-mobile exchange and bundled tariffs, yet fierce competition together with value regulation have exerted downwards pressure on profits. On the other hand, exciting new mobile phone files services, delivered by Smartphones and dongles, have got introduced new revenue possibilities.

Studying the impact of all these improvements on mobile tone and data profits demonstrates significant differences among market segments and network agents. That also reveals that mobile network operators deal with important challenges to increase their very own overall revenue per client, despite their massive on-going investments in network commercial infrastructure and spectrum.

In standard, the level of speech usage on mobile communities has grown strongly around the last five decades, as a substantial ratio of fixed network words minutes have moved to help mobile phone networks and charges along with bundled voice mins have encourage customers in order to make even more calls. Intended for example, over the period of time 2005/06 to 2010/11, normal voice minutes per client increased by 57% with regard to Vodafone Germany (from 79 minutes per month to 118 minutes per month), 24% for Vodafone UK (from 150 minutes per month to help 186 moments per month) and 15% for Vodafone Italy (from 138 moments per 30 days to 158 minutes for every month).

Yet , over this specific same period, tone of voice earnings per customer features declined significantly. For example, average voice revenue per client has fallen by 59% for Vodafone Germany (from GBP152 per annum for you to GBP97 per annum), 58% to get Vodafone UK (from GBP230 per annum to be able to GBP133 per annum) and 40% intended for Vodafone Malta (GBP194 per annum to GBP139 per annum). This offers been caused to a certain extent by means of intense competition, which provides ended in ambitious cuts inside the expense of voice minutes, and partly by control, which will carry on and bill downward pressure about voice revenue. For example, great britain regulator, Ofcom, has presently made a cut on mobile or portable network end of contract charges, coming from 4. 18 pence each minute to 2. sixty six pence per minute, and it expects to utilize even more cuts over the returning several years, to reach 0. 69 pence per moment by 2015.

As voice profits have got declined, info earnings have grown, driven by way of the strong take-up connected with mobile broadband services on dongles and Touch screen phones. To get example, total revenue via messaging and data services raised by 48% for Vodafone Germany from 2005/06 to 2010/11. Over this same period, Vodafone BRITISH and Vodafone Italy obtained increases involving 71% and 59%, correspondingly.

While the particular revenue from data services is definitely clearly increasing, their growth has generally not also been enough to reverse the fall in voice income. Vodafone's results yet again provide some useful good examples on this. For Vodafone Germany, typical voice income per consumer per annum fell by way of GBP55 from 2005/06 to be able to 2010/11, although average income per annum from messaging and information services matured by only GBP19 per annum, resulting in a web loss of GBP36 in full average profits per consumer per annum. In the same manner, Italia suffered an overall loss of GBP32 per year. In the united kingdom, total average revenue for each buyer per annum chop down by means of GBP55 over often the same time, although this figure did rise concerning 2009/10 and 2010/11. It will be interesting in order to see no matter if this advance can be retained.

The worrying trend in certain stores is that mobile messaging revenues are starting to decline. In the GREAT BRITAIN, Vodafone managed to increase normal revenue for each customer by mobile messages just about every 12 months from 2005/06 to 2010/11, to achieve the full increase of 41% (from GBP43 per year to GBP60 per annum). On the other hand, messaging revenue compressed out there in Germany (at GBP22 per annum) and truly begun to fall back at Italy (from GBP39 throughout 2009/10 to GBP36 within 2010/11). In the event that messaging income start to decline, this kind of creates even more of a gap to be loaded by new mobile broadband internet services.

Clearly there happen to be substantial challenges forward regarding mobile operators. While they carry on to invest heavily throughout network infrastructure, such as LTE, they will currently have to work hard to stand still with typical revenue per client. This can require revolutionary methods for you to maintain your value of traditional voice together with messaging services, in the midst connected with powerful competition and legislation, and also maximising the benefit from mobile high speed broadband providers.

Special broadband Fails To Fill Typically the Distance As Voice Income Decline

Posted by [email protected] on Comments comments (0)
vodafone kündigen

Recent data from Vodafone implies that mobile network agents face considerable challenges just to manage average earnings per buyer, despite this growth of mobile high speed broadband solutions.

The past small number of years have seen revolutionary modifications in our wireless industry. Voice utilization has increased powerfully due to fixed-mobile one other and bundled data plans, but fierce competition plus price regulation have exerted all the way down pressure on revenues. In the meantime, exciting new mobile or portable info services, delivered simply by Smartphones and dongles, possess offered new revenue opportunities.

Studying the impact of these kind of alterations on mobile words and data income displays significant differences in between areas and network providers. The idea also reveals that will cellular network operators confront important challenges to increase his or her overall revenue per reader, despite their massive on-going investments in network system and even spectrum.

In common, the level of speech usage on mobile marketing networks has grown strongly above the last five years, as a substantial amount of fixed network tone minutes have moved for you to mobile networks and charges using bundled voice moments have encourage customers in order to make even more calls. Regarding example, over the period 2005/06 to 2010/11, regular voice minutes per buyer increased by 57% for Vodafone Germany (from 79 minutes per month for you to 118 minutes per month), 24% for Vodafone BRITAIN (from 150 minutes every month to be able to 186 moments per month) and 15% for Vodafone Italy (from 138 short minutes per calendar month to 158 minutes each month).

Yet , over that same period, tone profits per customer possesses reduced significantly. For example, common voice revenue per client has fallen by 57% for Vodafone Germany (from GBP152 per annum to GBP97 per annum), 58% with regard to Vodafone UK (from GBP230 per annum for you to GBP133 for every annum) in addition to 40% intended for Vodafone Italy (GBP194 each year to GBP139 per annum). This provides been caused to some extent by way of intense competition, which provides led to aggressive cuts around the cost of voice moments, and to a certain extent by regulations, which will continue to keep impose downward pressure with voice revenue. For example, great britain regulator, Ofcom, has presently charged a cut through mobile or portable network end of contract fees, by 4. 18 pence per minute to 2. sixty six pence per minute, and it expects to utilize further cuts over the returning several years, to reach 0. 69 pence per moment simply by 2015.

As speech earnings own declined, records revenues have grown, driven simply by the sturdy take-up regarding mobile broadband services with dongles and Touch screen phones. Intended for example, total revenue coming from messaging and data service enhanced by 48% regarding Vodafone Germany from 2005/06 in order to 2010/11. Over this same interval, Vodafone BRITISH and Vodafone Italy attained increases associated with 71% plus 59%, correspondingly.

While typically the revenue from data services is definitely clearly increasing, its progress has generally not been recently enough to counter the fall in voice profits. Vodafone's results all over again give some useful examples with this. For Vodafone Germany, average voice revenue per customer per year fell by GBP55 from 2005/06 to help 2010/11, but average income per annum from messages and info services expanded by only GBP19 per year, resulting in a web loss of GBP36 in entire average revenue per consumer per annum. In the same manner, Italy suffered an overall decrease of GBP32 per year. In england, total average revenue every client per annum fell simply by GBP55 over often the same period, although typically the figure did rise between 2009/10 and 2010/11. This will be interesting to see whether or not this development can be taken care of.

Some sort of worrying trend in some markets is that mobile messaging revenues are starting to decrease. In the UK, Vodafone was able to increase normal revenue for each consumer by mobile messages every season from 2005/06 to 2010/11, to achieve a new overall increase of 41% (from GBP43 per year to be able to GBP60 per annum). Nevertheless, messaging revenue compressed away in Germany (at GBP22 per annum) and in fact began to fall back in Italy (from GBP39 around 2009/10 in order to GBP36 within 2010/11). In the event that messaging profits start to fall, that creates even more of the gap to be filled by new mobile broadband services.

Plainly there usually are considerable challenges forward for mobile operators. While they carry on to invest heavily within network infrastructure, such as LTE, they will currently have to work hard in order to stand still with common revenue per customer. This will require innovative methods in order to maintain the value of traditional voice and messaging solutions, in the midst involving extreme competition and legislation, along with maximising the worth from portable broadband internet solutions.

Mobile Broadband Fails To Fill The Hole As Voice Income Decline

Posted by [email protected] on Comments comments (0)
vodafone kündigen

Recent data from Vodafone demonstrates that mobile network employees encounter substantial challenges simply to preserve average profits per purchaser, despite typically the growth of mobile internet connection expert services.

The past few years have seen sweeping modifications in our wireless industry. Voice consumption has increased strongly due to fixed-mobile alternative and bundled data plans, however fierce competition in addition to price tag regulation have exerted down pressure on revenues. In the mean time, exciting new mobile information services, delivered by simply Smartphones on the market and dongles, have got presented new revenue prospects.

Studying the impact of all these alterations on mobile speech and data income demonstrates significant differences in between market segments and network workers. It also reveals that cellular network operators deal with key challenges to increase their own overall revenue per reader, despite their massive on-going investments in network system and spectrum.

In standard, the level of tone usage on mobile sites has grown strongly around the last 5 many years, as a substantial proportion of fixed network tone of voice minutes have moved to be able to cellular networks and data plans having bundled voice mins own encourage customers for you to make additional calls. Regarding example, over the time period 2005/06 to 2010/11, normal voice minutes per buyer increased by 57% to get Vodafone Germany (from seventy nine minutes per month to help 118 minutes per month), 24% for Vodafone GREAT BRITAIN (from 150 minutes per month in order to 186 short minutes per month) and 15% for Vodafone Italy (from 138 mins per calendar month to 158 minutes each month).

Nevertheless , over this particular same period, tone of voice profits per customer has decreased significantly. For example, average voice revenue per customer has fallen by 59% for Vodafone Germany (from GBP152 per annum to help GBP97 per annum), 58% to get Vodafone UK (from GBP230 per annum to help GBP133 per annum) plus 40% with regard to Vodafone Italia (GBP194 each year to GBP139 per annum). This has been caused partially by intense competition, which features led to ambitious cuts inside the price of voice a few minutes, and partially by legislation, which will still enforce downward pressure about speech revenue. For example, the united kingdom regulator, Ofcom, has presently imposed a cut through mobile or portable network end of contract prices, from 4. 18 pence per minute to 2. 66 pence per minute, and even it intends to make use of additional cuts over the returning several years, to reach zero. 69 pence per minute by 2015.

As speech revenues own declined, data profits have grown, driven by way of the strong take-up involving mobile broadband expert services in dongles and Smartphones. Intended for example, total revenue through messaging and data sites increased by 48% to get Vodafone Germany from 2005/06 to be able to 2010/11. Over typically the same time, Vodafone BRITISH and Vodafone Italy reached increases regarding 71% in addition to 59%, correspondingly.

While the revenue from data services is definitely clearly increasing, its expansion has generally not already been enough to resist typically the fall in voice earnings. Vodafone's results once again supply some useful examples of this. For Vodafone Germany, typical voice revenue per consumer per annum fell by GBP55 from 2005/06 to help 2010/11, however average income per year from messaging and records services grew by only GBP19 per year, resulting in a world wide web decrease of GBP36 in full average income per purchaser per annum. In the same way, Italia suffered an overall loss of GBP32 per annum. In britain, total average revenue for each consumer per annum chop down by means of GBP55 over the same time period, although the figure did go up among 2009/10 and 2010/11. The idea will be interesting to help see whether or not this improvement can be taken care of.

A good worrying trend in a few stores is that mobile messages revenues are starting in order to fall. In the BRITAIN, Vodafone was able to increase average revenue each buyer through mobile messaging each year from 2005/06 to 2010/11, to achieve a good full increase of 41% (from GBP43 per annum in order to GBP60 per annum). Even so, messaging revenue compressed out and about in Germany (at GBP22 per annum) and in fact started to fall back found in Italy (from GBP39 within 2009/10 to be able to GBP36 around 2010/11). In case messaging earnings start to decrease, this kind of creates even more of any gap to be stuffed by new mobile broadband services.

Definitely there happen to be significant challenges ahead of time intended for mobile operators. Since they proceed to invest heavily throughout network infrastructure, such while LTE, they will include to work hard only to stand still with average revenue per consumer. This may require revolutionary methods in order to take care of the value of standard voice plus messaging solutions, in the midst associated with powerful competition and legislation, as well as maximising the value from cellular high speed solutions.

Mobile Broadband Fails To Fill The Difference As Voice Revenues Decline

Posted by [email protected] on Comments comments (0)
vodafone kündigen

Recent data from Vodafone demonstrates mobile network providers encounter important challenges merely to keep average income per buyer, despite typically the growth of mobile high speed providers.

The past very few years have seen significant modifications in our wireless industry. Tone of voice utilization has increased powerfully due to fixed-mobile replacement and bundled tariffs, however fierce competition and price tag regulation have applied downhill pressure on gross income. Meanwhile, exciting new portable info services, delivered by simply Smartphones on the market and dongles, possess displayed new revenue options.

Understanding the impact of these kinds of alterations on mobile speech and data revenues demonstrates significant differences concerning markets and network employees. That also reveals that will mobile phone network operators confront key challenges to increase his or her overall revenue per subscriber, despite their massive on-going investments in network facilities plus spectrum.

In general, the level of tone usage on mobile sites has grown strongly above the last 5 several years, as a substantial portion of fixed network voice minutes have moved for you to portable networks and charges together with bundled voice short minutes possess encourage customers to make whole lot more calls. Intended for example, over the interval 2005/06 to 2010/11, regular voice minutes per client increased by 57% regarding Vodafone Germany (from seventy nine minutes per month to be able to 118 minutes per month), 24% for Vodafone GREAT BRITAIN (from 150 minutes for every month to be able to 186 a few minutes per month) and 15% for Vodafone Italy (from 138 minutes per month to 158 minutes for every month).

However , over this specific same period, words profits per customer offers decreased significantly. For example, average voice revenue per client has fallen by 57% for Vodafone Germany (from GBP152 per annum to GBP97 per annum), 58% regarding Vodafone UK (from GBP230 per annum to help GBP133 each annum) together with 40% regarding Vodafone Italia (GBP194 per year to GBP139 per annum). This possesses been caused partially simply by intense competition, which possesses triggered ambitious cuts within the price of voice moments, and to a certain extent by regulations, which will continue to keep can charge downward pressure with voice revenue. For example, great britain regulator, Ofcom, has previously charged a cut on mobile phone network end of contract prices, via 4. 18 pence each minute to 2. sixty six pence per minute, and it hopes to put on further cuts over the approaching decades, to reach zero. 69 pence per second by simply 2015.

As speech income own declined, files profits have grown, driven by simply the sturdy take-up involving mobile broadband solutions on dongles and Touch screen phones. With regard to example, total revenue coming from messaging and data companies improved by 48% for Vodafone Germany from 2005/06 for you to 2010/11. Over the same time, Vodafone UNITED KINGDOM and Vodafone Italy achieved increases of 71% in addition to 59%, respectively.

While the revenue from service plans is usually clearly increasing, it has the expansion has generally not already been enough to counter this fall in voice earnings. Vodafone's results again offer some useful good examples in this. For Vodafone Germany, typical voice profits per customer per year fell by simply GBP55 from 2005/06 for you to 2010/11, nevertheless average earnings per year from messaging and files services increased by only GBP19 per year, resulting in a net loss of GBP36 in full average revenue per client per annum. Likewise, Italia suffered an overall decrease of GBP32 per annum. In britain, total average revenue each purchaser per annum droped by means of GBP55 over the particular same time period, although the particular figure did surge between 2009/10 and 2010/11. The idea will be interesting for you to see whether this advance can be managed.

A worrying trend in some market segments is that mobile messages revenues are starting to be able to decrease. In the BRITAIN, Vodafone were able to increase average revenue for every customer by mobile messaging each calendar year from 2005/06 to 2010/11, to achieve a good overall increase of 41% (from GBP43 per annum to help GBP60 per annum). However, messaging revenue compressed outside in Germany (at GBP22 per annum) and in fact begun to fall back found in Italy (from GBP39 inside 2009/10 to help GBP36 within 2010/11). When messaging gross income start to fall, this specific creates even more of the gap to be packed by way of new mobile broadband internet services.

Evidently there are usually significant challenges ahead regarding mobile operators. Since they carry on to invest heavily inside network infrastructure, such seeing as LTE, they will include to work hard only to stand still with regular revenue per customer. This may require progressive methods to be able to keep up with the value of conventional voice and messaging solutions, in the midst of extreme competition and rules, and also maximising the price from mobile or portable broadband services.

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